Biomass is the amount of living material in an organism. The pyramids of biomass represent the relationship between different trophic levels in terms of biomass. In grassland and forest ecosystems, there is generally a gradual decrease in biomass of organisms at successive trophic levels from the producers to the consumers.Continue Reading

Phobia is  an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations; “phobic disorder is a general term for all phobias” Phobia Description Acrophobia, Altophobia Fear of heights Agoraphobia Fear of a place or event where escape is impossible or when help is unavailable AilurophobiaContinue Reading

Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise than mutagenesis (mutation breeding) where an organism is exposed to radiation or chemicals to create a non-specific butContinue Reading

Phycology (or algology), a part of botany, is the study of algae. Algae are important as plants in aquatic ecosystems. Most algae are eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms that live in a wet environment. They are different from the higher plants by a lack of “normal” roots, stems or leaves. Many typesContinue Reading

Malacology is the study of mollusks. These animals include snails, slugs, clams, mussels, octopus, squid, and many other kinds of animals without backbones that are often found in the sea, but sometimes in lakes and rivers, and on land. Most of them have shells, but not all of them. SomeContinue Reading